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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
Time: 3:43 am
Time: 3:43 am
Results for police custody
11 results foundAuthor: Walsh, Julia Title: Who's looking out for the children? A joint inspection of Appropriate Adult provision and children in detention after change Summary: In this inspection we examined a child or young person's journey from the point they arrive at the police station through to charge (and sometimes beyond). We were looking at two aspects of this process: the role of the Appropriate Adult, and whether children and young people who had been charged and were waiting to appear in court were being placed in suitable local authority accommodation. The arrangements for Appropriate Adults were introduced under the same legislation that placed reasonable restrictions on the length of time any individual could be held by the police before being charged and taken to court, and thus provided protective measures important for us all. Under its terms, the presence of an Appropriate Adult is required before the police can interview and (where appropriate) charge any unaccompanied children or young person or vulnerable adult to ensure that their rights are met, in effect acting in the role of parent or concerned adult. The need for such a role is self evident. Police station custody areas can be very frightening places for adults, and are all the more so for young people. Children brought into police custody may be traumatised or distressed, or under the influence of alcohol or drugs (or their after-effects). A significant number have communication, learning, language or health needs, and many do not understand what is happening to them or the terminology used. Whatever the intentions behind the legislation, we found that the procedure didn‟t really consider the needs of the children and young people. It was apparent that the role of the Appropriate Adult had evolved over time to become increasingly focussed on process rather than safeguarding the interests of the child and promoting their welfare. Overall, the lack of clarity about both the role of the Appropriate Adult and the arrangements whereby a child or young person could be transferred to local authority accommodation meant that children and young people were spending longer in an unsuitable and potentially detrimental environment than was needed. The system put in place to protect their interests was not working. Like many aspects of youth justice, this work requires an effective partnership between the police, the youth offending team, health and children‟s services to operate effectively. We saw little evidence of the Local Safeguarding Children Board overseeing this area of work. Strategic leaders need to provide greater leadership, direction and supervision to enable their staff to properly understand their duty to safeguard and promote the welfare of children and young people, wherever they are. Details: London: Criminal Justice Joint Inspection, 2011. 52p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 5, 2012 at http://www.justice.gov.uk/downloads/publications/inspectorate-reports/hmiprob/whos-looking-after-children.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.justice.gov.uk/downloads/publications/inspectorate-reports/hmiprob/whos-looking-after-children.pdf Shelf Number: 123981 Keywords: Juvenile DetentionJuvenile OffendersPolice Custody |
Author: Sweeney, Josh Title: Poly drug use among police detainees Summary: Offenders with complex drug dependencies involving two or more drug types comprise a substantial proportion of drug court and drug diversion clients, yet evaluation studies have demonstrated that these offenders often have poorer retention rates and higher post-program reoffending rates. Poly drug use also has implications for police and law enforcement agencies, as users are potentially a more diversified group whose varied patterns of use makes them more resilient to illicit drug market fluctuations. For these reasons, understanding the nature and extent of poly drug use, especially among those who come into contact with the criminal justice system, will help agencies develop more targeted programs and policing strategies that seek to minimise the impact of drug use in their communities. Using data from Australia’s most comprehensive survey of drug use among detainees, the 2009 collection of the Drug Use Monitoring in Australia (DUMA) program, it was shown that nearly a third of detainees reporting using two or more drugs in the 30 days prior to being detained. Cannabis was the primary drug used by 48 percent of detainees, followed by heroin (19%) and amphetamines (17%). Binary logistic models show that poly drug users are almost twice as likely as single drug users to self report the receipt of income from both drug dealing and other illegal sources, irrespective of any differences between frequency and type of drug used. Details: Canberra, Australia: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2011. 8p. Source: Trends & issue in crime and criminal justice, No. 425: Internet Resource: Accessed February 10, 2012 at http://www.aic.gov.au/documents/A/0/4/%7BA047429D-813B-48E5-B2DE-027A209AE899%7Dtandi425.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Australia URL: http://www.aic.gov.au/documents/A/0/4/%7BA047429D-813B-48E5-B2DE-027A209AE899%7Dtandi425.pdf Shelf Number: 124068 Keywords: Drug Abuse and AddictionDrug OffendersDrug Use (Australia)Police CustodyPolice Detainees (Australia) |
Author: Northern Ireland. Criminal Justice Inspection Title: Police Custody - A follow-up review of inspection recommendations Summary: This is a follow-up review of inspection recommendations to our 2009 report, ‘Police Custody: The detention of persons in police custody in Northern Ireland’. The custody and care of some 27,000 detained persons represents a considerable challenge to the police. Often detainees present with challenging behaviours fuelled by alcohol and drug abuse, and many have underlying mental health issues. The Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE) Codes of Practice and the Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) Guidance, and the Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act all place significant responsibilities onto police custody staff, many of whom are civilians employed on a managed services contract. Of the original 12 recommendations only three have been achieved, six have been assessed as partially achieved and three have not been achieved. Custody services have, in general, been delivered to an acceptable standard, when compared to the criteria for assessment. However, the limited progress in respect of some recommendations, particularly in relation to the moving to a centralised model, and in achieving a consistency of service delivery across the custody estate, is disappointing. Inspectors also found shortcomings in relation to the storage and retention of out-of-date medication and forensic samples, both of which suggest inadequate supervision. It is essential that all of the outstanding recommendations in respect of custody provision and healthcare are fully implemented. In view of the limited progress made to date, Inspectors plan to carry out a full inspection in the next financial year. Details: Belfast: Criminal Justice Inspection Northern Ireland, 2013. 31p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 30, 2013 at: http://www.cjini.org/CJNI/files/a3/a3b7be9b-2f34-4f03-bcc6-966912a02ffd.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.cjini.org/CJNI/files/a3/a3b7be9b-2f34-4f03-bcc6-966912a02ffd.pdf Shelf Number: 128163 Keywords: DetaineesDetention (Northern Ireland)Police CustodyPolice Policies and Procedures |
Author: Great Britain. Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Constabulary Title: The Welfare of vulnerable people in police custody Summary: Every day, the police in England and Wales are required to respond to the widest possible range of human behaviour and conditions. One moment they might be seeking a place of safety for an abandoned child, or for a person suffering from mental health problems who is confused and vulnerable; the next, they could be arresting an armed criminal. In some cases, people may be both offenders and in need of care. Vulnerability can be a trigger for crime or it can make people more likely to be victims of crime. The task that we ask of our police officers in making the distinction between the need for care and the requirements of justice is therefore both highly complex, and crucial if we are to ensure that vulnerable adults and children in our society do not become criminalised for want of a more appropriate response. The bricks and mortar of the custody suite and the police cell do not, and cannot make this distinction. As a result, some of the most vulnerable in our society may be subject to the same physical conditions and treatment as some of the most harmful. Police officers are civilians in uniform, possessing and discharging powers given to them freely by the consent of the communities they serve. There can be no greater power invested in a civilian than the power to take away the liberty of the citizen; nor can there be a stronger illustration of the power and trust invested in the police. The way that officers and staff engage with people in their custody or care therefore, has a most significant effect on the legitimacy with which the police are viewed, both by those detained, and by wider society. Future co-operation as witnesses to crime, or trust in the police as a victim of crime, may also be dependent on these contacts with the service. This being the case, the attitude and actions of the police - whether on the front line or in custody - are of paramount importance in ensuring that the very different needs of all those they encounter are met by the most appropriate agency. For those members of the public taken into custody, there are risks of harm from the experience of detention itself. They may also pose a risk to themselves and/or to others. All of these risks must be managed effectively by officers and staff with the relevant specialist expertise, who must communicate effectively, implement good standards of care, follow the law and work proactively with other agencies to ensure the right protection is put in place for vulnerable detainees, both in and following police custody. The primary purpose of the police is the prevention of crime and disorder. Other public agencies also have responsibilities in this regard. It is important to reiterate that the care of those who are vulnerable and at risk of coming to police attention is not the responsibility of the police alone. As this report emphasises, each service with a role to play in helping these individuals - including health, mental health, social and housing services - must fully and properly discharge its responsibilities, so that the police do not become the default response for vulnerable people in crisis. Details: London: HMIC, 2015. 212p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 15, 2015 at: http://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmic/wp-content/uploads/the-welfare-of-vulnerable-people-in-police-custody.pdf Year: 2015 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmic/wp-content/uploads/the-welfare-of-vulnerable-people-in-police-custody.pdf Shelf Number: 135211 Keywords: DetaineesInmatesMentally IllMinority GroupsPolice BehaviorPolice CustodyPrisoners (U.K.) |
Author: Independent Police Complaints Commission (U.K.) Title: Deaths during or following police contact: Statistics for England and Wales 2014/15 Summary: This report presents figures on deaths during or following police contact that happened between 1 April 2014 and 31 March 2015. It provides a definitive set of figures for England and Wales and an overview of the nature and circumstances in which these deaths occurred. This publication is the eleventh in a series of statistical reports on this subject published annually by the IPCC. To produce the IPCC annual statistics on deaths, the circumstances of all deaths referred to the IPCC are examined to decide whether they meet the criteria for inclusion in the report under one of the following five categories: - road traffic fatalities - fatal shootings - deaths in or following police custody - apparent suicides following police custody - other deaths following police contact that were subject Details: London: The Commission, 2015. 30p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 21, 2016 at: https://www.ipcc.gov.uk/sites/default/files/Documents/research_stats/Deaths_Report_1415.pdf Year: 2015 Country: United Kingdom URL: https://www.ipcc.gov.uk/sites/default/files/Documents/research_stats/Deaths_Report_1415.pdf Shelf Number: 138350 Keywords: Complaints Against PoliceDeadly ForcePolice CustodyPolice Use of ForceSuicides |
Author: Phillips, Jake Title: Non-natural deaths following prison and police custody: Data and practice issues Summary: The Commission undertook this research as a follow up to our "Preventing deaths in detention of adults with mental health conditions" Inquiry. During this inquiry, we were told of concerns about gaps in knowledge about those who died shortly after leaving police or prison custody. This was outside of the Inquiry's terms of reference but we decided to take a closer look at this following publication of the Inquiry report. We commissioned Sheffield Hallam University and the University of Cambridge to undertake this work. The original inquiry made four principal recommendations. These were: -- There needs to be a more structured approach to learning lessons to implement changes identified as necessary during investigations of previous deaths and near misses, as well as learning from experiences in other institutions. -- There should be a clearer focus on getting the basics right, including implementing recommendations, improving staff training and ensuring more joined up working. -- There needs to be increased transparency to ensure adequate scrutiny, holding to account and the involvement of bereaved families. --All detention settings should use the Commission's Human Rights Framework to reduce non-natural deaths and ensure that their policies and practices meet their legal obligations under the Human Rights Act. The research into deaths following custody identified similar factors, suggesting that issues which could contribute to deaths in custody, are also relevant on release. Details: Manchester, UK: Equality and Human Rights Commission, 2016. 75p. Source: Internet Resource: Research report 106: Accessed January 27, 2017 at: https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/sites/default/files/research-report-106-non-natural-deaths-following-prison-and-police-custody.pdf Year: 2016 Country: United Kingdom URL: https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/sites/default/files/research-report-106-non-natural-deaths-following-prison-and-police-custody.pdf Shelf Number: 144928 Keywords: Deaths in CustodyHomicidePolice CustodySuicide |
Author: Human Rights Watch Title: "Bound by Brotherhood": India's Failure to End Killings in Police Custody Summary: Indian police often torture criminal suspects to punish them, to gather information, or to coerce confessions. Despite changes in laws and guidelines and the promise of police reforms since 1997, official data shows at least 591 people died in police custody between 2010 and 2015. While police blame most of the deaths on suicide, illness, or natural causes, in many such cases family members allege that the deaths were the result of torture; allegations sometimes supported by independent investigations. Bound by Brotherhood examines the reasons for the continuing impunity for custodial deaths in India, and recommends steps that authorities should take to end it. It details the scope of the problem drawing on in-depth Human Rights Watch investigations into 17 custodial deaths that occurred between 2009 and 2015. In most of these cases, family members, with the assistance of lawyers and activists, were able to seek new inquiries, thus providing access to witness testimonies, autopsy reports, or police statements. In each of the 17 cases, the police did not follow proper arrest procedures—including documenting the arrest, notifying family members, or producing the suspect before a magistrate within 24 hours—which made the suspect more vulnerable to abuse and may have contributed to a belief by police that any mistreatment could be covered up. In most of the cases, investigating authorities, mainly the police, failed to take steps that could have helped ensure accountability for the deaths. Human Rights Watch calls on the Indian government to strictly enforce existing law and guidelines on arrest and detention and ensure that police officers implicated in torture and other ill-treatment, regardless of rank, are disciplined or prosecuted as appropriate. Details: New York: HRW, 2016. 128p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed January 27, 2017 at: https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/india1216_web_0.pdf Year: 2016 Country: India URL: https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/india1216_web_0.pdf Shelf Number: 144918 Keywords: Deadly ForceDeaths in CustodyHomicidesPolice BrutalityPolice CustodyPolice Use of ForceTorture |
Author: Wooff, Andrew Title: Measuring Risk and Efficiency in Police Scotland Custody Settings: A Pilot Study Summary: Police custody is a complex area of policing which requires Police Scotland to carefully balance the risks associated with detainees, the new localism agenda and making efficiency savings. With the move to a national Custody Division as part of Police Scotland now beginning to mature, it is an important time to assess how variation in custody practices impacts on police staff and on detainees. This pilot study used qualitative methods to investigate the challenges around risk and efficiency in two separate police custody environments - one rural and one urban. The study found that staffing, healthcare, the Police Scotland custody estate and trust are key for understanding how risks can be minimised and efficiency maximised. The study identified a series of recommendations which if implemented would help improve police custody in Scotland. The study also identifies a series of gaps in the systematic knowledge base which, if addressed, would assist in developing and supporting the recommendations we have identified. Details: Dundee: Scottish Institute for Policing Research, School of Social Sciences, University of Dundee, 2017. 10p. Source: Internet Resource: SIPR Research Summary No. 27: Accessed August 31, 2017 at: http://www.sipr.ac.uk/downloads/Research_Summaries/Research_Summary_27.pdf Year: 2017 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.sipr.ac.uk/downloads/Research_Summaries/Research_Summary_27.pdf Shelf Number: 146958 Keywords: Police CustodyPrisonersRisk Assessment |
Author: Human Rights Watch Title: In Custody: Police Torture and Abductions in Turkey Summary: Since the July 2016 coup attempt in Turkey, over 150,000 individuals have passed through police custody detained for crimes punishable under Turkey's Anti-Terror Law. Courts subsequently remanded over 50,000 of them to prison. Despite the government's avowed zero tolerance for torture, there have been widespread reports of torture and ill-treatment in police custody, with those detained for alleged links to terrorist organizations most at risk. There has also been a spate of reported cases of men being abducted, some of whom were held in secret detention places, with the evidence pointing to the involvement of state authorities. In Custody: Police Torture and Abductions in Turkey details eleven cases of torture in police custody, involving scores of victims, and five cases of abductions that could amount to enforced disappearances. Since most victims of torture remain in pretrial detention and therefore not accessible for interview, the report relies on interviews with lawyers, victims' families, written complaints, and an examination of victims' statements to prosecutors and court records. The report paints a disturbing picture of the dramatic rise in coercive interrogation in police custody and unlawful detention practices. The main groups targeted appear to be individuals detained for alleged association with two groups - the group the Turkish courts have labelled the Fethullahist Terrorist Organization (FETÖ), which the government holds responsible for the attempted coup, and those detained for alleged links with the armed Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK/KCK). The report calls on the Turkish government to uphold the prohibition on torture and enforced disappearances and carry out prompt and effective investigations into allegations of torture, abduction and unlawful detention by state agents. Turkey's international partners, including the European Union and its member states, should press Turkish authorities to take urgent steps to curb torture in police custody and unlawful detentions, and ensure those responsible are held to account. Details: New York: HRW, 2017. 50p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 13, 2017 at: https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/turkey1017_web.pdf Year: 2017 Country: Turkey URL: https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/turkey1017_web.pdf Shelf Number: 147678 Keywords: Disappearances Human Rights Abuses Police CustodyPolice Misconduct Police Use of Force Torture |
Author: Creedon, Mick Title: Operation Herne: Special Demonstration Squad Reporting: Mentions of Sensitive Campaigns Summary: Introduction Operation Herne is the title given to the independent investigation led by Derbyshire's Chief Constable Mick Creedon QPM into the Special Demonstration Squad (SDS). The SDS was a covert unit of the Metropolitan Police Special Branch (MPSB). Operation Herne's terms of reference are to review the former SDS from its origin in 1968 to its closure in 2008, examining how it operated throughout its existence. This report examines "collateral reporting" and "mentions" of Justice Campaigns recorded within SDS intelligence submissions. Following the Peter Francis allegations that the SDS targeted the family of murdered teenager Stephen Lawrence, Operation Herne has investigated the extent of similar information held within SDS documentation. This report will refer to SDS reporting on a number of Justice Campaigns. A "Justice Campaign" would usually form as a result of family or public concerns surrounding the: - Investigation, detention or treatment of a subject who died in police custody, - Investigation, detention or treatment of a subject who died following police contact - Victim of a murder - High profile prosecution or investigation - Miscarriages of Justice The majority of these cases involved black males, hence the commonly used term "Black Justice Campaign." Operation Herne has identified emerging evidence that in addition to the Stephen Lawrence Campaign, a number of other Justice Campaigns have been mentioned within SDS records. Seventeen such Justice Campaigns have been identified so far. These range between 1970 and 2005 and are as a result of deaths in police custody, following police contact and the victims of murders. It is the intention of Chief Constable Creedon and Operation Herne to inform all of the families involved and share, where possible the knowledge and information held. This process will inevitably take time to research and complete given the historical profile of many of the events and the natural difficulties in tracing some families. The work to identify such families or campaigns continues and those identified will be personally appraised of the detail by investigators from Operation Herne. Details: Ashbourne, UK: Derbyshire Constabulary, 2014. 32p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed January 16, 2019 at: http://www.statewatch.org/news/2014/jul/uk-2014-07-op-herne-report-3-sds.pdf Year: 2014 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.statewatch.org/news/2014/jul/uk-2014-07-op-herne-report-3-sds.pdf Shelf Number: 154219 Keywords: Criminal InvestigationDeaths in CustodyJustice CampaignMetropolitan Police Special BranchOperation HernePolice CustodyPolice MisconductSpecial Demonstration Squad |
Author: Leonaite, Erika Title: Inside Police Custody 2. Suspects' Procedural Rights in Lithuania Summary: Data obtained by police during the first questioning of the suspect is often of vital importance for the case. Thus, it is important to ensure that during the questioning the main procedural rights of suspects - right to interpretation, right to information, right to effective defence - are respected. These procedural rights are enshrined both in European Union directives and in Lithuanian law, regulating criminal procedure. In order to find out how procedural rights operate in day-to-day practice of police investigators, researchers from the Human Rights Monitoring Institute conducted observation-based research. Researchers observed questionings of arrested suspects and conducted qualitative interviews with police investigators and defence lawyers. This research, based on data from real-life questionings, enabled us to identify the main areas of concern, revealing gaps between legal regulation and daily practice of police investigators. At the same time, examples of good practices, applied by some investigators and demonstrating professional attitude towards procedural standards, were observed as well. This research conducted in Lithuania is part of a wider-scale regional project, carried out in eight other EU countries - Austria, Bulgaria, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Slovenia, Romania, and Spain. Details: Vilnius, Lithuania: Human Rights Monitoring Institute (HRMI), 2018. 115p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 4, 2019 at: https://hrmi.lt/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/National_report_Lithuania_2018.pdf Year: 2018 Country: Lithuania URL: https://hrmi.lt/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/National_report_Lithuania_2018.pdf Shelf Number: 155663 Keywords: Accused PersonsCriminal ProcedurePolice CustodyPolice InvestigationsPolice ProceduresProcedural RightsSuspects Rights |